Objects of wildlife are examples of the surrounding world. Living and inanimate nature, its objects. At home, perform tasks-games on this topic

Nature is a capacious concept that includes all the objects around us created without human intervention, although we are also part of it. From school textbooks, since childhood, we have been accustomed to dividing this concept into two separate categories: living and inanimate nature. The differences between them are so striking that even preschoolers can distinguish one from the other.

What is related to wildlife? It consists of animals, people, insects, fish, birds, all plants, that is, objects that can grow and multiply, eat and breathe, drink and die. During the period of existence, they change their appearance, size, they can hurt, suffer, feel.

Inanimate nature is immutable and permanent objects that do not need food and drink, they do not multiply and do not grow. If any changes occur, then over a long period, sometimes invisible to the human eye.

These two types of nature are so closely related to each other that they could hardly exist separately. After all, every living being needs the warmth and light of the Sun, water in order not to feel thirsty, air in order to breathe. Wind helps plants pollinate and reproduce by seeds. The soil provides nutrients to plants, which people and animals then feed on. It is possible to make up many ecological chains, in each of which inanimate nature necessarily takes part. It is the basis of all life on earth.

The main signs of inanimate nature

If we compare objects of animate and inanimate nature, then certain distinctive features are immediately evident, according to which it is possible to give a clear definition of inanimate nature. These are the following properties:

• Resilience to external changes. Even after millennia, the ocean will remain the same blue, the stone will remain solid, and the peaks of the mountains will just as reliably support the vault of heaven. Every day we see the Sun above our head during the day, and the Moon at night. Even if the landscape around us changes in the process of weathering or exposure to water, this does not happen in one day, but over many centuries.
• They don't need to eat.
• No air required for breathing.
• They don't breed.

• They do not grow and do not collapse on their own, and are also not able to move. You can quite reasonably object, because rivers flow, but this is due to a decrease in the level of the surface of the earth on which they move along the channel.

Changes in inanimate nature

Changes in the existence of inanimate objects occur slowly. Mountains are formed as a result of shifts in the lithospheric plates and increase slightly in size over time, but in a year the height can change by only 1 cm. Abrupt changes in inanimate nature are cataclysms such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, flooding or hurricanes. As a result of the impact of wind and water, mountains can collapse, the outlines of the banks of rivers and lakes can change. Stones gradually turn into sand and dust, salt can dissolve in water.

The most striking transformation of inanimate nature on the planet is considered to be a change in the state of water. It can evaporate, rise into the air, fall in the form of precipitation back to the surface of the earth. From the cold, the liquid turns into a solid stone.

Different states of objects

The traditional classification of all inanimate objects of nature is the union in connection with the state of matter. Thus, three main groups can be distinguished:

• gases;
• liquids;
• solids.

There are objects of inanimate nature, such as water, which can be in all of the listed states, but basically they retain one of the properties throughout the entire period of existence. Let us consider in more detail what applies to inanimate nature, later in the article.

Solids

Bodies that have a high density are called solids. They perfectly retain their shape for a long time. We list the most common substances of this type:

• mountains;
• stones;
• minerals;
• minerals;
• the soil;
• glaciers;
• sand;
• planets;
• asteroids;
• gems.

Many students, when asked: "The sun and the moon - is it living or inanimate nature?" - answer correctly: "Inanimate". However, let's think about what objects these celestial bodies can be attributed to. As everyone knows, the Moon is a huge stone, which, from constant rotation, has turned into a round object. But about the Sun, many will give a not so confident answer. In some sources, it is classified as a solid body, however, due to the enormous temperature, all substances, even metals, on its surface are in a liquid state. Yes, and in the composition of the solar structure, scientists have discovered a lot of gases. So the question remains without a definite answer.

Liquids

These are fluid substances that do not have their own form, but take the form of the vessel in which they are located. This is an intermediate state between solids and gases. The most common liquid on Earth is water.

Without it, the life of all living beings is impossible. Water is a habitat for fish and mammals, invertebrates and molluscs. Thanks to water, plants grow and in general life on the planet became possible.

In order for liquids to maintain their state, a certain temperature is necessary, and it is separate for each substance. Even solid metals from the heat of a blast furnace can become liquid. For sale, gas is also converted into liquid, so that all states of inanimate nature are very relative and interconnected with each other.

gases

Gaseous substances do not retain either volume or shape. Their molecules have weak bonds and are located far from each other, and also have high mobility.

Air is considered the most common gas on Earth. The atmosphere not only serves to protect the planet from solar radiation, but also participates in the respiration of all living beings. Without air, neither people, nor animals, nor plants can live. There is also gas in the bowels of the Earth, people use it for their own economic purposes.

You already know what a word is. Each word describes a particular object, indicates its location and gives it a name. However, words in Russian do not exist on their own. They are combined into a syntactic construction called a sentence.

What is an offer, getting to know the offer

A sentence is a set of words that are related in meaning. For example: Dasha went to the store. Vitya was fishing. Flowers grew in the garden. Thanks to the sentence, we can not only recognize the action that is being performed or will be a completely specific subject, but we can also fully express our thoughts and convey information.

After all, when you tell your mother about your school friends, talk to a teacher at school, or communicate with classmates, you use sentences in your speech. Offers are also used in writing.

On a letter, the letter with which the sentence begins should be capitalized. For example: Correct spelling: The girl was reading a book. Squirrel is barely tasty nuts. We see that the words "girl" and "squirrel" in the sentence are capitalized.

What is living and inanimate nature

You have probably heard the expression "living and inanimate nature" many times. Let's see what this expression means. Nature is everything that surrounds people, and what they themselves did not do. Nature consists of two components: animate and inanimate nature.

Live nature are those objects that can breathe, grow and die, just like a person. Wildlife includes fungi, plants, animals, bacteria and man himself. Inanimate nature These are the objects of nature that do not grow. They are always in the same state. These are water, sky, stones, soil, rainbow, wind, rain.

Inanimate nature also includes celestial bodies - the Moon and the Sun. Living and non-living nature are interconnected. Inanimate nature contributes to the life of wildlife. For example, we all know that fish live in water.

Water is inanimate nature, fish is alive. Without water, the fish would not be able to live. Plants live thanks to sunlight. The sun is inanimate nature.

Offers with objects of animate and inanimate nature

Let's try to make sentences and describe living and non-living nature in them.

Cucumbers and tomatoes grew in the beds. Cucumbers and tomatoes - plants (wildlife) grow on the soil (inanimate nature).

A proud falcon flew in the sky. The falcon is a bird (wildlife), the sky is inanimate nature.

Masha was swimming in the pond. Masha is a person (wildlife), a pond is inanimate nature.

The bunny ate green grass. Bunny - animal (wildlife), grass - plant (wildlife)

The water covered the rocks on the shore. Water is inanimate nature, stones are inanimate nature.

Grandma looked at the sun. Grandmother is a person (wildlife), the Sun is a heavenly body (inanimate nature)

Names everything living and inanimate, created without his participation. This is the whole world around. In the article we will consider what nature is, what it consists of and what impact it has on human life.

Meaning of the word

In science, it is customary to call nature the material world located in the universe. It is the main subject of study and research of natural sciences. The everyday meaning of the word "nature" is somewhat simplified and means the natural habitat.

In natural science, several kingdoms of nature are distinguished. Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish naturalist and physician, in his work "The System of Nature" in 1735 identified the following kingdoms:

• mineral, which covers inanimate nature: stones, water, sun;
• vegetable, which includes all plants (studied by botany);
• an animal that includes all living organisms (studied by zoology).

Dokuchaev V.V., a geologist and soil scientist, considered that one more kingdom should be singled out - bio-inert, which includes knowledge about soils, which he announced in 1883.

The word "nature" can also be considered in other meanings:

• The totality of the conditions of the natural habitat: relief, climate, plants and animals. For example, tropical nature.
• The totality of the properties and needs of the human body. For example, male and female nature.
• The essence of something and its basic properties. For example, the nature of light.
• In the common people, "nature" is used as a description of the qualities of a person. For example, unhurried by nature, witty by nature.

The word "nature": analysis and synonyms to it

The word "nature" is a feminine noun. According to the new morphemic and word-building dictionaries, it consists of two parts:

• "nature" - the root and basis of the word;
• "a" is the end.

If we consider the word "nature" by its etymology, then three parts are distinguished in the composition:

• "at" - prefix;
• "genus" - the root;
• "a" - ending;
• the basis of the word is "nature".

Many consider the second option to be more correct. Because the very word "nature" means everything that was in the nature, that is, on Earth, where people lived - the family. One-root words are: homeland, people, relative, parents, spring and the like.

Synonyms for the word "nature": essence, world, similarity, universe, fundamental principle, organism, nature, nature, substance, reality.

Usually the word we are considering is associated with such concepts: trees, forest, air, plants, protection, love, sky, animals, plants, seasons, mountains, clouds and more.

Life on planet Earth

Our planet today is the only one (at least according to official data) on which the life and existence of living matter is recorded. Its natural features have been studied for many centuries by scientists and researchers.

Life on Earth is possible due to the nature of the planet: two polar regions and a tropical region in the middle. Precipitation falling on the surface and the presence of an atmosphere make it possible for all living things to grow and feed. And the soil is the basis for building and growing crops.

There is a constant evolution of geological and biological processes on the planet. The presence of water is the basis for the life of all organisms. It occupies approximately 71% of the Earth's surface. Due to climatic conditions, an ecosystem has formed, which includes many living organisms, including humans.

Live nature

Living nature includes everything that is able to independently survive, develop, feed, grow and reproduce: plants and animals, as well as humans.

The main features of wildlife are:

• birth, development, growth - all life begins with a small one: a seed grows into a tree, a baby - into an adult;
• reproduction - the ability to reproduce their own kind;
• nutrition - any living creature must eat: trees with liquid, and animals with plants or other animals;
• breathing and movement - living organisms are able to move independently, for which they need oxygen: animals walk with their paws, and plants turn towards the sun;
• dying is the end of the existence of an organism, after which it becomes an object of inanimate nature: a tree is living nature, and a felled trunk is inanimate.

Biology distinguishes such objects of wildlife:

• microorganisms - the very first forms of life on the planet;
• plants - the world of flora, which is presented in a rich variety - from unicellular algae to huge trees;
• animals - the most numerous group of wildlife;
• man - is considered the highest stage of development of living nature.

What is inanimate nature and why is it called that? Consider below.

In addition to vegetation and animals, a person is surrounded by other objects created without his participation. These are stones, clouds, rivers, mountains, wind, leaves, sun rays.

Inanimate nature is the primary source, it was from it and thanks to it that life appeared on the planet. All organisms use objects of inanimate nature in the process of life.

Signs of objects of inanimate nature are:

• resistance to weather conditions and other environmental changes;
• weak variability;
• the inability to breathe, eat, reproduce, grow, move and die.

The sciences are engaged in the study of such objects: physics, chemistry, hydrography, geology, astronomy and others.

Inanimate objects are classified as follows:

• solid bodies - minerals, rocks, glaciers, stones, rocks, comets;
• liquid bodies - dew, rain, clouds, lava, river;
• gaseous bodies - steam, nebulae of the universe, some planets, air masses.

The lives of animate and inanimate nature are closely interconnected and impossible one without the other. Soil, air, water, sun are especially necessary.

Relationship between nature and seasons

The nature of the planet native to man is in constant motion. The main feature of life is its cyclicality - successively changing seasons that set the rhythm for existence, phases of sleep and awakening, development and slowdown of processes.

The change of seasons during the year is usually called the seasons - these are winter, spring, summer and autumn. Such a natural phenomenon attracts scientists and influences artists.

Poets and artists have devoted many works to the seasons. They praise the beauty of nature. And medical scientists associate many processes occurring in the human body with the change of seasons.

Nature in art

What is nature in art? This is an image that is often endowed with human qualities: will, desire or opposition.

The theme of nature began to be most widely revealed from the era of romanticism. It was described as an instinctive principle, something that opposes a person. Nature in art is perceived as the beginning of all life, therefore it is often called pure and virgin, as well as mother. When a person gets tired of civilization, he finds peace in nature.

Since the 20th century, the personified image has been endowed with vengeance. Nature is described as the Earth's response to human activities in the form of natural disasters and cataclysms. Natural phenomena are complex and diverse, they speak of the ability of nature to teach humanity.

Nature and human life

Man is an integral part of nature. It exists only thanks to it - atmospheric pressure, liquid, oxygen, soil. It is worth removing just one component, and a person cannot exist.

People create luxury goods for themselves, and satisfy their primary needs with the help of nature. It is she who gives protection, resources, food. Mankind has long ceased to live in caves and hunt, instead people build houses and shops.

For man, nature is an inexhaustible source of information. Thanks to knowledge, scientists analyze the past and try to predict the future.

But with the rapid development of scientific and technical progress, humanity ceases to reckon with nature. There are global problems in the modern world - warming, lack of forests, extermination of animals... All this brings the ecosystem out of balance. National governments are drawing up projects to restore nature, planting areas and more carefully analyzing the remaining resources.

Instead of an afterword

To the question: "What is nature?" can be answered in different ways, because it is so ambiguous, incomprehensible and limitless. But one thing can be said: a person calls himself the king of nature, but in fact he is only a part of it, a component of something greater, a grain of sand in the ocean of the universe.

Nature is everything that surrounds us and pleases the eye. Since ancient times, it has become the object of research. It was thanks to her that people were able to comprehend the basic principles of the universe, as well as make an unimaginable number of discoveries for humanity. Today, conditionally, nature can be divided into living and non-living with all the elements and features inherent only to these types.

Inanimate nature is a kind of symbiosis of the simplest elements, all kinds of substances and energies. This includes resources, stones, natural phenomena, planets and stars. Inanimate nature often becomes a subject for study by chemists, physicists, geologists and other scientists.

Microorganisms are able to survive in almost any environment where there is water. They are present even in hard rocks. A feature of microorganisms is the possibility of rapid and intensive reproduction. All microorganisms have horizontal gene transfer, that is, in order to spread their influence, a microorganism does not have to pass genes to its descendants. They can develop with the help of plants, animals and other living organisms. It is this factor that allows them to survive in any environment. Some microorganisms are able to survive even in space.

Distinguish between beneficial microorganisms and harmful ones. The beneficial ones contribute to the development of life on the planet, while the harmful ones are created in order to destroy it. But in some cases, harmful microorganisms can become beneficial. For example, with the help of some viruses, severe diseases are treated.

Vegetable world

The plant world today is large and multifaceted. Today, there are many natural parks that collect a large number of stunning plants. Without plants, there can be no life on Earth, because thanks to them, oxygen is produced, which is necessary for most living organisms. Plants also absorb carbon dioxide, which damages the planet's climate and human health.

Plants are multicellular organisms. Today, no ecosystem can be imagined without them. Plants serve not only as an element of beauty on Earth, but they are also very useful for humans. In addition to generating fresh air, plants serve as a valuable source of food.

Conventionally, plants can be divided according to nutritional characteristics: which can be eaten and which cannot. Edible plants include various herbs, nuts, fruits, vegetables, grains, and some algae. Inedible plants include trees, many ornamental grasses, and shrubs. The same plant can contain both an edible element and an inedible element at the same time. For example, an apple tree and an apple, a currant bush and a currant berry.

Animal world

The animal world is amazing and diverse. It represents the entire fauna of our planet. The features of animals are the ability to move, breathe, eat, reproduce. During the existence of our planet, many animals disappeared, many evolved, and some simply appeared. Today, animals are divided into different classifications. Depending on the habitat and mode of survival, they are waterfowl or amphibians, carnivores or herbivores, etc. Also, animals are classified depending on the degree of domestication: wild and domestic.

Wild animals are distinguished by their free behavior. Among them, both herbivores and carnivores that feed on meat are distinguished. A wide variety of animal species live in different parts of the world. They all try to adapt to the place in which they live. If these are glaciers and high mountains, then the coloring of the animals will be light. In the desert and steppe, the color ocher prevails more. Each animal tries to survive by any means, and the change in the color of their coat or feathers is the main proof of this adaptation.

Domestic animals were also once wild. But they were tamed by man for his needs. He began to breed pigs, cows and sheep. As protection began to use dogs. For entertainment, he tamed cats, parrots and other animals. The importance of pets in a person's life is very high if he is not a vegetarian. From animals he receives meat, milk, eggs, wool for clothing.

Living and non-living nature in art

Man has always respected and appreciated nature. He understands that his existence is possible only in harmony with her. Therefore, there are many creations of great artists, musicians and poets about nature. Some artists, depending on their commitment to one or another element of nature, created their own trends in art. There were such directions as landscape and still life. The great Italian composer Vivaldi devoted many of his works to nature. One of his outstanding concerts is "The Four Seasons".

Nature is very important to man. The more he takes care of her, the more he gets in return. It is necessary to love and respect her, and then life on the planet will be much better!

Children are taught to distinguish between inanimate and living nature in elementary school, but this topic is considered in most detail in the 3rd grade. Knowing the main nuances, children will learn to perceive the environment correctly and take care of the objects of the planet.

In order for children to learn to easily attribute any objects to the right area, they should be explained to them the differences between different objects. Most often, the problem in determining the essence arises when considering non-living objects, which are often confused with artificial objects created by man.

In contact with

The concepts of animate and inanimate nature

By nature is meant human environment which originated and develops without the participation of people. It is the mutual coexistence of living and non-living objects. Living creatures are able to breathe, grow, eat and reproduce, while inanimate objects do not have such signs and practically do not change.

Natural components are objects that are created by nature, and not by man. Living nature includes people, animals, birds, insects, plants, microbes and everything that grows, moves, eats, develops, breathes and lives. And everything else belongs to inanimate nature.

If you go out of town and find yourself in a place where there are no buildings and inventions of man, everyone can notice that it is surrounded by many objects of inanimate nature. In the distance you can see a flowing stream, and in the distance - the tops of high mountains. Looking up, you can see clouds floating across the sky and the sun warming gently.

This nature is primary, since it was in it that the origin of life on Earth took place. All living things use the gifts of the inanimate environment and exist at its expense, and after death it becomes part of it. Felled tree trunks, fallen leaves, a dead animal - all these are objects of inanimate nature.

When considering a topic, questions often arise about what objects such as, for example, bricks, glass, cars, telephones, houses refer to. Everything created by human hands is artificial objects.

Signs and features of objects

When comparing non-living organisms with living ones, one can immediately say that they are not able to breathe, eat, grow, multiply and die. For example, the mountains that once appeared will always be directed with their peaks to the sky. Or planets with stars that arose billions of years ago and lined up in certain systems, and exist to this day.

Objects of this sphere can be recognized by the following distinguishing features:

Classification

All over the world there is a large number of inanimate objects. A huge variety of objects is studied by specialists in chemistry, physics, geology, hydrography, astrology and other sciences.

The main classification of objects includes three main groups:

The objects of all three groups have no need for respiration, nutrition and reproduction, however, many of them are vital for people, animals and plants.

Relationship with living organisms

Most non-living objects play an important role in the life of living organisms. Living nature cannot exist without inanimate, as they are completely interconnected. The most important objects of the inanimate environment are:

Objects of inanimate and living nature have a close relationship with each other. People, animals and plants need air and sun. Plants can only live with soil, water, solar heat and light. And the presence of living objects in the water - fish, animals and microorganisms - helps to maintain its chemical composition. Having learned all these nuances, children will understand that it is necessary to preserve and protect their environment in order to live in harmony with the world.