Mushrooms tinder fungus flat healing properties. A powerful wood destroyer: a characteristic of the flat tinder fungus. ✎ Distribution in nature and seasonality

Polypore flat(lat. Ganoderma lipsiense, previously - Ganoderma applanatum) - mushroom of the genus Ganoderma (lat. Ganoderma) of the Ganoderma family (lat. Ganodermataceae).

Description

Fruit bodies are perennial, sessile. Often they are located close to each other.

The hat is 5-40 cm wide, flat on top with uneven sagging or with concentric grooves, covered with a matte crust. Color grayish brown to rusty brown above. Very often the fruiting body is topped with a layer of rusty-brown spore powder. The outer (growing) edge has a white or whitish color.

The hymenophore is tubular, white or creamy white. Even with a little pressure, it darkens a lot. This feature gave the fungus its specific name in English language: Artist's conk- "mushroom of the artist." On the hymenophore, you can draw with a twig, a match.

Spore powder is rusty brown. Sporulation is usually very profuse.

Ecology and distribution

Polypore flat - the destroyer of wood. Found everywhere on stumps and deadwood deciduous trees, usually located low. Causes white or yellow-white (yellowish) wood rot. Occasionally affects weakened living trees or softwood.

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An excerpt characterizing the Tinder fungus flat

• Division: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
• Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
• Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
• Subclass: Incertae sedis (of uncertain position)
• Order: Polyporales (Polypore)
• Family: Ganodermataceae (Ganoderma)
• Genus: Ganoderma (Ganoderma)
• View: Ganoderma applanatum (Tinder fungus flat)

The cap of the flat tinder fungus reaches 40 centimeters in width, is flat on top with uneven sagging or grooves, and is covered with a matte crust. Often found topped with rusty-brown spore powder. The color of the cap occurs from grayish brown to rusty brown, there is an edge on the outside, which is constantly growing, white or whitish.

Spores - the spread of spores around is very abundant, spore powder rusty brown. They have a truncated ovoid shape. The part of the fruiting body of the fungus that bears the spore powder (hymenophore) is tubular, white or creamy white. With a little pressure, it immediately becomes much darker, this sign gave the fungus a special specific name "artist's mushroom". You can draw on this layer with a twig or stick.

Leg - mostly absent, sometimes extremely rarely comes across with a short lateral leg.

The pulp is hard, corky or corky woody, if broken, it is felty fibrous inside. Color brown, chocolate brown, chestnut and other shades of these colors. Old mushrooms take on a mottled fading color.

The fruiting body of the fungus lives for many years, sessile. Sometimes located close to each other.

Distribution - grows everywhere on stumps and deadwood of deciduous trees, often located low. Wood Destroyer! Where the fungus grows, the process of white or yellow-white wood rot occurs. Sometimes destroys weakened deciduous trees (especially birch) and softwood. It mainly grows from May to September. Widespread in temperate zone northern hemisphere.

Edibility - the mushroom is not edible, its flesh is tough and does not have a pleasant taste.

I remember very well the picture from the cheerful pioneer childhood. The game "Zarnitsa" - we actively compete in a sunny forest clearing in a birch grove near Bryansk, sunbathe by the fast river Snezhet, and the teacher - a former paratrooper - collects some nondescript dry tinder fungus on rotten deadwood. For what? In the evening they found out - why ... Mosquitoes were - hordes. No, clouds... And neither our flimsy satin tracksuits nor canvas tents saved us from them. It was then that our paratrooper showed a master class: he poured dry tinder fungus out of the bag into the fire, similar to flat cakes. He waited for them to dry properly in the fire and smolder, and then smoldering, he began to roll them out with a stick and scatter them in a circle - around the tents. And immediately the clouds of mosquitoes receded. They could not stand the smoke that spread over the grass. “This is probably how the ancient people defended themselves from mosquitoes ... They also got them,” our savior joked ... “And you can also write notes on such tinder fungi!” And then he quickly wrote a few words with a knife: “These words will remain for a long time. Neither the rain will wash them away, nor will it erase them with time ... "

Our paratrooper was right, they were well taught how to survive in the forest, using the ancient traditions of different peoples.

For example, among the indigenous peoples of Siberia and Altai and the Indians of Alaska, this tree fungus was traditionally used as an anti-mosquito remedy - the smoldering of a dry fungus with the formation of bitter smoke repelled mosquitoes and midges. And for them, this flat mushroom with a white inside also served as a kind of “notes” on which everyday drawings were depicted.

I scare away evil wasps

This summer, wasps settled near the dacha - vicious, aggressive. The dog was attacked - almost bitten to death. They bit the neighbor’s grandmother to an allergic shock ... You won’t go to wasps with a stick .. I remembered the old recipe - light a flat tinder fungus and leave it smoldering near the nest ... Allegedly, wasps can’t stand the smell of smoldering resins and come from this into a stupor or sleepy state. I have seen from my own experience that this is so. I immediately threw five pieces near the nest ... And the wasps - really barely crawled like sleepy ones. I beat them all with an ordinary glossy magazine. Well, the nest was destroyed. To be reluctant to bite.

Andrey Zavialov, Tosno

In Latin, the mushroom is called very logically - Ganodermaapplanatum(gan = shiny, derm = skin, applanatum = flat).

And among mycologists is known as - flat tinder fungus

The American Indians called it "red maternal medicinal mushroom» (Liu and Bau, 1980), in China "ancient ling chi" (Willard, 1990). In Russia - flat tinder fungus, dead mold.

All over the world it was well known healing properties this mushroom. Yakuts brewed cakes flat tinder fungus for washing babies, women wiped their body and chest with a thick infusion of tinder fungus during and after feeding. The crushed powder of the boiled tinder fungus was given as food to the deer - they poured it out in front of the dwelling and the deer licked this bitter delicacy to the thawed earth.

Trutovichok helped the baby

Flat tinder fungus (not to be confused with othergimi tinder fungus) - a remarkably healing tinder fungus. My grandmother lives in my village near Pskov, to whom I came with a six-year-old child. The summer was cold and rainy, and my child got sick with bronchitis. After the temperature dropped (two days later) - there was a strong cough before attacks. Grandmother went into the forest and brought a few of these tinder fungus, threw them into a cast-iron and steamed them in a stove on coals (not on an open fire). And I put him to breathe over this cast iron. Expectoration went immediately - in the morning. After three or four cast irons, the cough was completely gone.

Korotich Anna, Pskov

Good results are known for the treatment of tinder flat diseases of the liver and pancreas by the ascetic of "mushroom therapy" of the 19th century - the zemstvo doctor Polotebnov. He described several cases of successful treatment of liver cirrhosis and pancreatitis.

In Czechoslovakia in the 1960s, there are cases of curing cancer of the liver and pancreas with an aqueous infusion of flat tinder fungus.

In the Pskov province in the 19th century, scrofulous children were successfully cured with infusion of tinder fungus (by bathing). The testimony of N. Kuzminskaya, the sister-in-law of the writer Leo Tolstoy and the daughter of the doctor Bers, is known, that her father’s recipe for the torment of an infant by one of the peasant women on the Tolstoy estate due to constant skin itching (allergic dermatitis) was simple and effective - bathing the child in infusion tinder flat.

A strong infusion of a flat tinder fungus (up to a brown-brown liquid) relieves itching and inflammation in case of skin fungus. This method was used by the foresters of the North-West, the fishermen of the Baltic States and the farmers of Finland are well aware of this.

In China, the use of tinder flatus is known for rheumatism (water baths), cancer of the liver and pancreas, cancer of the stomach and esophagus. In Japan, an infusion of tinder flatus was used for heart ailments - tachycardia, sharp pains.

Proven medicinal properties

The taste of this tinder fungus (like many other species) is bitter with cinchona flavor. Biotechnologists in the middle of the 20th century noted medicinal properties tinder flat, as a whole complex of steroid components was isolated in it. Particularly interesting in pharmacology is ganoderic acid isolated from it and its derivatives. At the same time, it was noted that the flat tinder fungus has pronounced hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, antitumor and antihistamines properties. The latter quality is especially important, since these anti-allergic properties were found in only a few species of mushrooms and in none of the medicinal herbs (!).

Polypore flat has demonstrated immunostimulating properties in animal experiments. The complex of polysaccharides of the fungus causes the formation of natural interferon in the body of mice, and nucleic acid, isolated from tinder flatus, provides protection against congenital encephalitis virus in mice (Kanderfer- Scerscen et al., 1979). Tinder polysaccharides stimulate antitumor activity against sarcoma 180 in mice.

Studies of the chitin-glucan complex of tinder flatus proved that this fungus contains a record content of 20% (!).

Such a high content of CHC indicates that the fungus has a high ability to bind heavy metal ions, that is output radionuclides and heavy metals from the human body and clean the Earth's atmosphere! This is also the reason for its unique anti-allergic properties.

I will have a daughter

(Ganoderma applanatum)